Finding Your Fit, Part 2: Program Communication, Interviews, and Ranking Hematology-Oncology Programs Post-Interview

In our last article, we discussed how hematology-oncology (HO) fellowship applicants can thoughtfully approach the application process to seek out programs that best align with their career goals to “find their fit.” Here, we focus on the next steps in navigating the HO fellowship application cycle, including communicating with fellowship programs, interviewing, and developing a rank list.

Pre- and Post-Interview Communication

Pre-interview communication with a program is typically discouraged and does not impact program decisions on interview invitations. The National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) code of conduct recommends that programs limit post-interview communication to avoid misleading applicants on ranking intentions. Each program should have its own policy about communicating after an interview. While applicants are not restricted in their post-interview communication, we recommend using communication to relay honest interest in a program or to ask questions that were not addressed during the interview.

Interview Selection

Applicants frequently wonder how many interviews they should aim for to secure a spot in HO fellowship. While there is no universal number that will guarantee a match, applicants frequently find that around 8 to 10 interviews strikes a reasonable balance between exposure and depth. This generally optimizes the odds of successfully matching with a program, while minimizing unnecessary interviews with programs of less interest to an applicant. However, this number varies depending on geographic preference, career goals, and the overall competitiveness of your application. International medical graduates have unique challenges, including visa requirements, so these recommendations may not apply. It is important that applicants apply for the match on the NRMP website early in the interview season; otherwise, they risk not being visible if programs complete their rank lists early.

Interview Day

The interview day has transitioned to a predominantly virtual format for most programs. While this has added significant convenience for applicants, allowing them to conduct interviews from the comfort of their home, applicants should approach virtual interviews with the same level of preparation and professionalism as if they were being held in person.

The Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine (AAIM), which represents educators and administrators throughout graduate medical education, recommends that programs conduct virtual interviews for all applicants; however, some programs have returned to in-person interview formats. Applicants should ensure they understand the interview format for the programs they will be applying to by reviewing program websites. AAIM also recommends that any in-person visits offered by programs should be optional and only made available after programs have finalized their rank lists.

During virtual interviews, applicants should choose a quiet, private space with a reliable internet connection. Video and audio connections should be tested beforehand, as should the link to the platform being used. Minimize visibly distracting personal objects in the background, and use a simple, solid-colored backdrop instead. Avoid using virtual backgrounds, which often appear unnatural and distracting. Bright lights in the foreground or background are discouraged; instead, use a soft light source to keep one’s face evenly lit. Dress professionally, speak confidently and concisely in your answers, and make eye contact with the camera.

We recommend that applicants familiarize themselves with NRMP and AAIM guidance regarding permissible and impermissible interview topics and questions.

Creating a Rank List

When creating the rank list, applicants should prioritize honesty and authenticity in their decision-making. Applicants should not try to “game” the system by ranking programs based on how they feel programs will rank them. The NRMP algorithm is designed to favor an applicant’s preferences.

In general, HO applicants should consider the following factors when constructing a rank list:

• Clinical training and education structure
• Research opportunities and scholarly support
• Geographic location and family needs
• Board preparation and outcomes
• Program culture
• Observed interpersonal interactions and camaraderie

Ultimately, your goal is to find a program environment where you will thrive and succeed both professionally and personally. Do not underestimate the value of intuition. In the end, rank based on where you can truly see yourself growing and succeeding. Go with your heart.

Disclosure Statement: The authors indicated no relevant conflicts of interest.

Acknowledgment: This article was edited by Ruby Arora, MD, and John C. Molina, MD, EdM.